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Human Renal Proximal Tubular Epithelial Cells (HRPTEpiC)
Cat.No.: CSC-7718W
Species: Human
Source: Kidney
Cell Type: Epithelial Cell
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The human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells (HRPTEpiC) derive from the kidney's proximal tubules that perform crucial roles in substance reabsorption and secretion. The renal tubule begins with cells connected to the glomerulus that reabsorb water and electrolytes while also recovering glucose and managing urine concentration and acidity. HRPTEpiC maintain a cuboidal or columnar morphology in vitro which matches the typical appearance of tubular epithelial cells. These cells display a unique basement membrane structure and express specific epithelial markers including Laminin and the apical membrane transporter SGLT2. Throughout the culture process these cells maintain their polarized distribution which results in a distinct separation between their apical and basal membranes.
HRPTEpiC serve essential functions in multiple research areas. HRPTEpiC serve as research tools to investigate various kidney diseases including diabetic nephropathy along with HIV-associated nephropathy (HIVAN) and BK virus infection. Three-dimensional culture techniques enable HRPTEpiC to replicate kidney development processes which introduces new research tools for studying kidney development. The reactions of these cells to nicotine and HIV infection provide essential information regarding how renal toxicity functions.
Fig. 1. Primary renal proximal tubular epithelial cells (RPTECs) (Jun DY, Kim YS, et al., 2018).
A Unifying Model of Glucotoxicity in Human Renal Proximal Tubular Epithelial Cells and the Effect of the SGLT2 Inhibitor Dapagliflozin
Diabetic nephropathy, a leading cause of end-stage renal disease, is closely linked to glucotoxicity in human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells (RPTECs). Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have shown renoprotective effects, possibly due to mitigating glucotoxicity rather than merely controlling glucose levels. Elefthriadis et al. aims to propose a unified model of glucotoxicity previously observed in capillary endothelial cells for RPTECs.
They first assessed the impact of elevated glucose on RPTECs' glucose uptake and dapagliflozin's effect. RPTECs show increased glucose uptake under high glucose conditions compared to normal. Dapagliflozin reduces glucose consumption in both settings, but high glucose levels remain elevated compared to normal glucose conditions (Fig. 1a). They also examined SGLT2 expression: high glucose induces its expression, while dapagliflozin reduces SGLT2 levels in both conditions (Fig. 1b, c). We evaluated ROS production, finding it enhanced under high glucose, and dapagliflozin mitigates this increase (Fig. 2a). Additionally, oxidative stress inhibits GAPDH activity in high glucose conditions, but dapagliflozin restores it to normal levels (Fig. 2b).
Fig. 1. Glucose influx and SGLT2 expression in RPTECs, and the effect of dapagliflozin. Compared to normal glucose, under high glucose conditions, the consumption of glucose by RPTECs increases (Eleftheriadis T, Pissas G, et al., 2020).
Fig. 2. ROS production and GAPDH activity in RPTECs and the effect of dapagliflozin (Eleftheriadis T, Pissas G, et al., 2020).
Organic Cation Transport Activity in Primary PTEC, RPTEC/TERT1, and PTL Cells
The renal proximal tubule is critical for drug transport and toxicity, relying on polarized transporter expression. Current animal models poorly predict human nephrotoxicity due to species differences, necessitating human in vitro models that replicate transporter functionality. Meijer et al. evaluates organic cation/anion transporter activity in three human proximal tubular models: iPSC-derived proximal tubular-like cells (PTL), human proximal tubular epithelial cells (PTEC), and human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells (RPTEC/TERT1), aiming to assess their utility for drug disposition and toxicity studies.
The functionality of organic cation transporters was assessed in transwell-cultured cells using fluorescent substrate ASP, with/without inhibitor quinidine. Basolateral ASP application induced time-dependent intracellular accumulation in all models (PTEC, RPTEC/TERT1, PTL), with basolateral uptake consistently exceeding apical uptake (Fig. 3a). Primary PTEC showed 1.4–2.2-fold higher intracellular ASP levels and 1.9–2.6-fold faster uptake rates compared to RPTEC/TERT1 and PTL within 10 minutes (Fig. 3a). Quinidine co-incubation reduced intracellular ASP levels to 59–82% across models (Fig. 3b). Apical efflux assessment revealed basolateral-to-apical ASP transfer inhibited by quinidine (apical ASP reduced to 37–65%; Fig. 3c). Apical-to-basolateral transfer was minimal, confirming basolateral-to-apical dominance.
Fig. 3. The uptake and transfer of the fluorescent substrate 4-(4 (dimethylamino)styryl)-N-methylpyridinium iodide (ASP) in primary PTEC, RPTEC/TERT1, and PTL cells cultured on transwells (Meijer T, da Costa Pereira D, et al., 2024).
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Description: Creative Bioarray offers a normal human Renal Proximal Convoluted Tubule Epithelial cell system. Renal proximal convoluted tubule epithelial cells are an essential research tool for understanding a variety of biological processes in the kidneys. They can also be utilized to determine renal toxicity of compounds as well as to study underlying causes and fundamental aspects of human kidney diseases.
These primary RPCTs are collected from unfractionated kidney cell preparations from normal, non-diseased human kidney tissues. The cells can be cultured and expanded in Bioarray's unique renal epithelial cell culture media formulations delivering a robust renal cell culture for use in experiments and screening assays.
Bioarray provides RPCTs cryopreserved at 500,000 cells/vial along with 50ml of RPCT plating media for each vial to establish initial culture. Purity of each lot is verified using morphology and CD13 flow cytometry – Bioarray RPCTs are qualified at >80% CD13+ upon QC release.
Each lot of primary renal cells are tested and verified negative for HIV-1, HIV-2, HTLV I & II, Hep B & C, Syphillis and CMV.
Custom donor specifications are available upon request and a number of different plate and flask formats can be customized to meet your particular research project needs.
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Description: Human Renal Cortical Epithelial Cells (HRCECs) provided by Creative Bioarray are isolated from the normal human kidney tissue. The cells are cryopreserved at passage 2 and delivered frozen. Each vial contains more than 0.5*10^6 viable cells after thawing. The cells are negative for HIV-1, HBV, HCV, mycoplasma, bacteria, yeast and fungi. HRCECs are guaranteed for at least 12 population doublings under the conditions provided by Creative Bioarray. Repeated freezing and thawing of cells is not recommended.
Description: Creative Bioarray's normal Human Renal Epithelial Cells, when grown in Creative Bioarray's LIRen Medium, provide an ideal low-serum culture model for the study of renal function, metabolism, nephrotoxicity or cancer research. Creative Bioarray's Renal Proximal Tubule Epithelial Cells are cryopreserved as secondary cells to ensure the highest viability and plating efficiency. Our Renal Epithelial Cells are quality tested in LIRen Medium to ensure optimal reduced-serum growth over a period of at least 15 population doublings at rates equal to or greater than serum-supplemented medium.
Cell Features:
Mixed Renal Epithelial, Renal Cortical Epithelial, and Renal Medullary Epithelial are cryopreserved as primary cells isolated from human kidney tissue and expanded in culture vessels once before cryopreservation.
Renal Proximal Tubule Epithelial are cryopreserved as secondary cells isolated from human kidney tissue and expanded in culture vessels twice before cryopreservation.
All Renal Epithelial Cell types can be grown in a 0.5% serum medium without phenol red or antimicrobials when cultured in LIRen Medium.
All Renal Epithelial Cell types are extensively tested for quality and optimal performance.
Creative Bioarray guarantees performance and quality.
Description: Creative Bioarray's normal Human Renal Epithelial Cells, when grown in Creative Bioarray's LIRen Medium, provide an ideal low-serum culture model for the study of renal function, metabolism, nephrotoxicity or cancer research. Creative Bioarray's Renal Mixed Epithelial Cells are cryopreserved as primary cells to ensure the highest viability and plating efficiency. Our Renal Epithelial Cells are quality tested in LIRen Medium to ensure optimal reduced-serum growth over a period of at least 15 population doublings at rates equal to or greater than serum-supplemented medium.
Cell Features:
Mixed Renal Epithelial, Renal Cortical Epithelial, and Renal Medullary Epithelial are cryopreserved as primary cells isolated from human kidney tissue and expanded in culture vessels once before cryopreservation.
Renal Proximal Tubule Epithelial are cryopreserved as secondary cells isolated from human kidney tissue and expanded in culture vessels twice before cryopreservation.
All Renal Epithelial Cell types can be grown in a 0.5% serum medium without phenol red or antimicrobials when cultured in LIRen Medium.
All Renal Epithelial Cell types are extensively tested for quality and optimal performance.
Creative Bioarray guarantees performance and quality.
