Resources
- FAQ
- Protocol
- Cell Culture Guide
- Technical Bulletins
-
Explore & Learn
-
Cell Biology
- How to Handle Mycoplasma in Cell Culture?
- Enrichment, Isolation and Characterization of Circulating Tumor Cells (CTCs)
- Strategies for Enrichment of Circulating Tumor Cells (CTCs)
- How to Assess the Migratory and Invasive Capacity of Cells?
- Multi-Differentiation of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells
- Monocytes vs. Macrophages
- How to Detect and Remove Endotoxins in Biologics?
- Comparison of Different Methods to Measure Cell Viability
- How to Isolate PBMCs from Whole Blood?
- CHO Cell Line Development
- How to Isolate and Analyze Tumor-Infiltrating Leukocytes?
- Generation and Applications of Neural Stem Cells
- Stem Cell Markers
- Comparison of the MSCs from Different Sources
- Troubleshooting Cell Culture Contamination: A Comprehensive Guide
- Tips For Cell Cryopreservation
- What Cell Lines Are Commonly Used in Biopharmaceutical Production?
- T Cell Activation and Expansion
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A Comprehensive Exploration
- What are the Differences Between M1 and M2 Macrophages?
- Organoid Differentiation from Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
- Quantification of Cytokines
- IL-12 Family Cytokines and Their Immune Functions
- What are Mesothelial Cells?
- How to Scale Up Single-Cell Clones?
- STR Profiling—The ID Card of Cell Line
- Comparison of Several Techniques for the Detection of Apoptotic Cells
- Contamination of Cell Cultures & Treatment
- Cell Culture Medium
- What Are Myeloid Cell Markers?
- Cryopreservation of Cells Step by Step
- Cell Cryopreservation Techniques and Practices
- Human Primary Cells: Definition, Assay, Applications
- How to Eliminate Mycoplasma From Cell Cultures?
- Critical Quality Attributes and Assays for Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
- Major Problems Caused by the Use of Uncharacterized Cell Lines
- T Cell, NK Cell Differentiation from Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
- Direct vs. Indirect Cell-Based ELISA
- What Is Cell Proliferation and How to Analyze It?
- Unveiling the Molecular Secrets of Adipogenesis in MSCs
- How to Decide Between 2D and 3D Cell Cultures?
- Neural Differentiation from Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
- Isolation, Expansion, and Analysis of Natural Killer Cells
- Tumor Stem Cells: Identification, Isolation and Therapeutic Interventions
- What are PBMCs?
- How to Start Your Culture: Thawing Frozen Cells
- Techniques for Cell Separation
- Biomarkers and Signaling Pathways in Tumor Stem Cells
- Circulating Tumor Cells as Cancer Biomarkers in the Clinic
- CFU Assay for Hematopoietic Cell
- Guidelines for Cell Banking to Ensure the Safety of Biologics
- Optimization Strategies of Cell-Based Assays
- Immunogenicity Testing: ELISA and MSD Assays
- 3D-Cell Model in Cell-Based Assay
- Types of Cell Therapy for Cancer
- From Collection to Cure: How ACT Works in Cancer Immunotherapy
- How to Maximize Efficiency in Cell-Based High-Throughput Screening?
- Cell-Based High-Throughput Screening Techniques
- What Are CAR T Cells?
- Live Cell Imaging: Unveiling the Dynamic World of Cellular Processes
- From Blur to Clarity: Solving Resolution Limits in Live Cell Imaging
- From Blur to Clarity: Solving Resolution Limits in Live Cell Imaging
- Live Cell Imaging: Unveiling the Dynamic World of Cellular Processes
- Understanding Immunogenicity Assays: A Comprehensive Guide
- 3D-Cell Model in Cell-Based Assay
- Role of Cell-Based Assays in Drug Discovery and Development
- Immunogenicity Testing: ELISA and MSD Assays
- Optimization Strategies of Cell-Based Assays
- Adherent and Suspension Cell Culture
- Organoid Drug Screening
- Key Techniques in Primary, Immortalized and Stable Cell Line Development
- From Primary to Immortalized: Navigating Key Cell Lines in Biomedical Research
- From Specimen to Slide: Core Methods in Histological Practice
- Modern Histological Techniques
- Overview of Cell Apoptosis Assays
- Histological Staining Techniques: From Traditional Chemical Staining to Immunohistochemistry
- Mastering Cell Culture and Cryopreservation: Key Strategies for Optimal Cell Viability and Stability
- Exploring Cell Dynamics: Migration, Invasion, Adhesion, Angiogenesis, and EMT Assays
- Cell Viability, Proliferation and Cytotoxicity Assays
-
Histology
- Multiple Animal Tissue Arrays
- Tips for Choosing the Right Protease Inhibitor
- Instructions for Tumour Tissue Collection, Storage and Dissociation
- Troubleshooting in Fluorescent Staining
- Fluorescent Nuclear Staining Dyes
- Stains Used in Histology
- Guides for Live Cell Imaging Dyes
- Overview of the FFPE Cell Pellet Product Lines
- Immunohistochemistry Troubleshooting
- Cell and Tissue Fixation
- Cell Lysates: Composition, Properties, and Preparation
- Microscope Platforms
- Mitochondrial Staining
- How to Apply NGS Technologies to FFPE Tissues?
- Overview of Common Tracking Labels for MSCs
- Immunohistochemistry Controls
- Comparison of Membrane Stains vs. Cell Surface Stains
-
Exosome
- Exosomes as Emerging Biomarker Tools for Diseases
- How to Apply Exosomes in Clinical?
- How to Efficiently Utilize MSC Exosomes for Disease Treatment?
- What's the Potential of PELN in Disease Treatment?
- Emerging Technologies and Methodologies for Exosome Research
- Summary of Approaches for Loading Cargo into Exosomes
- How to Perform Targeted Modification of Exosomes?
- How to Enhancement Exosome Production?
- How to characterize exosomes?
- How to Label Exosomes?
- Classification, Isolation Techniques and Characterization of Exosomes
- Exosome Quality Control: How to Do It?
- The Role of Exosomes in Cancer
- Techniques for Exosome Quantification
- Exosome Size Measurement
- What are the Functions of Exosomal Proteins?
- Applications of MSC-EVs in Immune Regulation and Regeneration
- Unraveling Biogenesis and Composition of Exosomes
- Production of Exosomes: Human Cell Lines and Cultivation Modes
- Exosome Transfection for Altering Biomolecular Delivery
- How do PELN Deliver Drugs?
- Current Research Status of Milk Exosomes
- Collection of Exosome Samples and Precautions
- How Important are Lipids in Exosome Composition and Biogenesis?
- Exosome Antibodies
- Common Techniques for Exosome Nucleic Acid Extraction
-
ISH/FISH
- What Types of Multicolor FISH Probe Sets Are Available?
- What Is the Use of FISH in Solid Tumors?
- Mapping of Transgenes by FISH
- Reagents Used in FISH Experiments
- ISH probe labeling method
- Telomere Length Measurement Methods
- FISH Tips and Troubleshooting
- Comprehensive Comparison of IHC, CISH, and FISH Techniques
- Multiple Approaches to Karyotyping
- RNAscope ISH Technology
- CARD-FISH: Illuminating Microbial Diversity
- What are the Differences between FISH, aCGH, and NGS?
- Overview of Oligo-FISH Technology
- Differences Between DNA and RNA Probes
- Comparative Genomic Hybridization and Its Applications
- Small RNA Detection by ISH Methods
- Multiple Options for Proving Monoclonality
- FISH Techniques for Biofilm Detection
- Whole Chromosome Painting Probes for FISH
- Guidelines for the Design of FISH Probes
- How to Use FISH in Hematologic Neoplasms?
- Different Types of FISH Probes for Oncology Research
- In Situ Hybridization Probes
- Overview of Common FISH Techniques
- What are Single, Dual, and Multiplex ISH?
-
Toxicokinetics & Pharmacokinetics
- How to Improve Drug Plasma Stability?
- What Are Metabolism-Mediated Drug-Drug Interactions?
- Pharmacokinetics of Therapeutic Peptides
- How Is the Cytotoxicity of Drugs Determined?
- How to Improve the Pharmacokinetic Properties of Peptides?
- Toxicokinetics vs. Pharmacokinetics
- Organoids in Drug Discovery: Revolutionizing Therapeutic Research
- Experimental Methods for Identifying Drug-Drug Interactions
- Organ-on-a-Chip Systems for Drug Screening
- Key Considerations in Toxicokinetic
- Pharmacokinetics Considerations for Antibody Drug Conjugates
- Methods of Parallel Artificial Membrane Permeability Assays
- How to Conduct a Bioavailability Assessment?
- Overview of In Vitro Permeability Assays
- Traditional vs. Novel Drug Delivery Methods
- Predictive Modeling of Metabolic Drug Toxicity
- The Rise of In Vitro Testing in Drug Development
- What Are Compartment Models in Pharmacokinetics?
- Comparison of MDCK-MDR1 and Caco-2 Cell-Based Permeability Assays
- What factors influence drug distribution?
- How to Design and Synthesize Antibody Drug Conjugates?
- Key Factors Influencing Brain Distribution of Drugs
- What Is the Role of the Blood-Brain Barrier in Drug Delivery?
- Parameters of Pharmacokinetics: Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion
- What are the Pharmacokinetic Properties of the Antisense Oligonucleotides?
- Effects of Cytochrome P450 Metabolism on Drug Interactions
- How to Improve Drug Distribution in the Brain
- Physical and Chemical Properties of Drugs and Calculations
- Unraveling the Role of hERG Channels in Drug Safety
-
Disease Models
- What Human Disease Models Are Available for Drug Development?
- Preclinical Models of Acute Liver Failure
- Overview of Cardiovascular Disease Models in Drug Discovery
- Summary of Advantages and Limitations of Different Oncology Animal Models
- Why Use PDX Models for Cancer Research?
- Disease Models of Diabetes Mellitus
- Animal Models of Neurodegenerative Diseases
-
Cell Biology
- Life Science Articles
- Download Center
- Trending Newsletter
Examination Protocol for Immunization of B Lymphocyte Membrane Surfaces
GUIDELINE
Immunoglobulin (SmIg) is an antigen recognition receptor for B cells and a specific surface marker for B cells, which can be detected by direct immunofluorescence. By mixing fluorescein-labeled anti-Ig antibody with lymphocytes under certain conditions, the fluorescein-labeled anti-Ig antibody binds to the Ig on the surface of the B cells, and fluorescence can be seen on the membrane of the B cells under the fluorescence microscope. This method can be used to identify B lymphocytes.
METHODS
- Mice are killed by cervical dislocation, and the spleens are dissected out and placed in a dish containing 6 ml of Hank's solution, ground with a 100-mesh steel mesh, and mixed well. The cells are washed again by centrifugation at 1000 rpm for 10 minutes. The supernatant is decanted and the deposited cells are restored to a volume of 1 ml, i.e., a cell suspension of about 1×107/ml. Take another test tube, aspirate 0.4 ml of 1×107/ml cell suspension, and add 3.6 ml of Hank's solution, i.e., 1×106/ml cell suspension.
- Take two 2 ml centrifuge tubes, add 1 ml of 1×106/ml cell suspension to each, centrifuge at 2000 rpm for 3 minutes in a tabletop centrifuge, and discard the supernatant. Add 100 μl of fluorescein-labeled rabbit anti-mouse Ig antibody to one tube, leave the other tube without antibody as control, and put it in the refrigerator at 4°C for 30 minutes.
- Remove the centrifuge tubes and wash the cells twice with Hank's solution to remove free antibodies. After the last centrifugation, discard the supernatant, leave a little reflux solution, mix well, drop the slides, and observe with a fluorescence microscope.
- Observed by fluorescence microscope, SmIg-positive cells can be seen ring or spot fluorescence under falling excitation light. The total number of lymphocytes in the same field of view is counted by transmitted light illumination with a tungsten lamp, and a total of 200-300 lymphocytes are counted, and the percentage of SmIg-positive cells is calculated.
Creative Bioarray Relevant Recommendations
- Creative Bioarray provides B lymphocytes from are isolated from peripheral blood. The method we use to isolate rabbit B lymphocytes was developed based on a combination of established and proprietary methods.
Cat. No. | Product Name |
CSC-C5060S | Rat B Lymphocytes |
CSC-C5245S | Rabbit B Lymphocytes |
CSC-C5404S | Mouse B Lymphocytes |
- Our SuperBeads® Human B Lymphocyte Isolation Kit isolates B lymphocytes from peripheral blood by immunomagnetic negative selection. The kit depletes other kinds of cells. The negatively isolated Human B lymphocytes are left in the sample and have not been touched with the SuperBeads.
NOTES
Thoroughly remove free antibodies before titrating the film to avoid false positive results.
RELATED PRODUCTS & SERVICES
For research use only. Not for any other purpose.