Goat Adipose-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Goat Adipose-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (gADMSCs) are multipotent stromal cells isolated from the stromal vascular fraction of caprine adipose tissue, representing a highly accessible and clinically versatile cell source for veterinary regenerative medicine and comparative translational research. Compared to bone marrow-derived counterparts, adipose tissue offers substantially higher cell yields per gram of tissue and permits minimally invasive collection—typically from the inguinal or tailhead region—thereby reducing donor-site morbidity, procedural risk, and overall cost.

Phenotypically, gADMSCs conform to International Society for Cellular Therapy (ISCT) criteria, robustly expressing characteristic mesenchymal surface markers including CD44, CD90, and CD105, while remaining negative for hematopoietic lineage markers such as CD45. Functionally, they retain robust trilineage differentiation capacity, readily differentiating into adipogenic, osteogenic, and chondrogenic lineages under appropriate induction conditions, with differentiation efficiency further optimized through basal medium selection.

Critically, gADMSCs exhibit strong in vitro proliferative capacity and sustained self-renewal potential across extended passages, maintaining stable fibroblast-like morphology even during long-term culture. Their relative genetic stability, low immunogenicity, and absence of ethical constraints render them an attractive platform for autologous and allogeneic cell-based therapies. As a physiologically relevant large-animal model, goats provide valuable translational parallels to human orthopedic and regenerative applications, positioning gADMSCs as an essential resource for advancing stem cell biology, tissue engineering, and precision veterinary therapeutics.