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Human Stomach Epithelial Cells
Cat.No.: CSC-C9230J
Species: Human
Source: Stomach
Cell Type: Epithelial Cell
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The source of human stomach epithelial cells is the gastric mucosal tissue. The gastric mucosa represents the innermost stomach wall layer as a single layer of columnar epithelial cells which organize neatly and mainly exist in the stomach body and antrum. The main function of gastric epithelial cells includes the production of digestive enzymes like pepsinogen, hydrochloric acid and protective mucus. The secretions produced by gastric epithelial cells help break down food and shield the stomach lining from acid damage. Gastric epithelial cells defend against infections by producing antimicrobial peptides which block bacterial growth.
Gastric epithelial cells provide essential insights for scientific investigations focused on cancer research and gastrointestinal disease mechanisms. The dysfunction of gastric stem cells directly impacts gastric cancer development thus understanding their molecular regulatory mechanisms will help create novel therapeutic approaches. Additionally, gastric epithelial cells are used to research the interactions between the gastrointestinal microbiota and the host genome, offering new perspectives on understanding the intestinal microecology.
PHLDA1 Decreases Gastric Cancer Cell Survival and Metastasis
PHLDA1 acts as a tumor suppressor gene in gastric cancer yet researchers have yet to determine how its regulation is affected by circular RNAs (circRNAs). While circRNAs play significant regulatory roles in cancer development they remain poorly understood in the context of gastric cancer molecular pathways. Wang's team examined how circular RNAs regulate PHLDA1 expression in gastric cancer through this study.
They investigated PHLDA1 expression levels in SGC-7901, MGC-803, HGC-27, MKN-45, MKN-28, and human stomach epithelial cells gastric cancer cells to determine its role in cell survival. PHLDA1 expression levels were reduced in MKN-28 and HGC-27 cell lines compared to the other examined cell lines (Fig. 1a). They selected these two lines for additional examination. Overexpression of PHLDA1 caused decreased proliferation in both MKN-28 and HGC-27 cells as shown in Figure 1b and 1c. The overexpression of PHLDA1 in cell lines MKN-28 and HGC-27 led to significantly reduced migration abilities (Fig. 1d). Transwell assay results demonstrated reduced cell invasion following PHLDA1 overexpression (Fig. 1e).
Fig. 1. PHLDA1 decreases gastric cancer cell survival and metastasis (Wang L, Shen JY, et al., 2018).
The Volatilomic Footprints of Human HGC-27 and CLS-145 Gastric Cancer Cell Lines
Gastric cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally, with volatile biomarkers in breath potentially aiding noninvasive diagnosis. While volatile compounds have been associated with gastric cancer, their origins remain unclear. Leiherer et al. elucidated these origins by mapping the volatilomic signatures of HGC-27 and CLS-145 gastric cancer cell lines compared to normal human stomach epithelial cells (HSEC).
Among the detected volatiles, 27 showed notable concentration differences compared to only the cultivation medium. Twelve compounds had reduced headspace concentrations, while others increased. Compounds with increased concentrations (release) include three esters, seven ketones, three alcohols, one aromatic, and one sulfur compound. Compounds absorbed (uptake) comprise eight aldehydes, three heterocyclic compounds, and one sulfur compound. Efforts to quantify these species were made, but three compounds were measured only by peak areas due to issues with substance availability or reliable reference mixtures. To compare the emissions of VOCs by the cells, the associated signal intensities were normalized to the number of cells in particular cultures. The comparison of this emission is presented in Figure 2.
Fig. 2. Comparison of the headspace concentrations of VOCs of interest over the cultures of HGC-27, CLS-145, and HSEC cells (Leiherer A, Ślefarska D, et al., 2020).
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Description: Smooth muscle contraction is the fundamental event in gastrointestinal motion. Inflammation of the human intestine causes thickening of the smooth muscle layers which results from the increases in the smooth muscle-specific actins. The increased smooth muscle actins may affect force production and further demonstrate the plasticity of smooth muscle in the inflamed intestine. Human intestinal smooth muscle cells respond to IL-1-beta and TNF-alpha stimulation by releasing IL-6, which might significantly contribute to the overall systemic inflammatory response. Knowledge of molecular mechanism that underlies the control of colorectal smooth muscle tone is essential to advance of understanding of pathophysiology of the abnormality. The availability of human rectal smooth muscle cells in culture will considerably enhance our ability to study the contractile, proliferative and connective tissue responses of the smooth muscle of the human colorectal disorders.HRSMC from Bioarray Research Laboratories are isolated from the human rectum. HRSMC are cryopreserved at primary or passage one culture and delivered frozen. Each vial contains >5 x 10^5 cells in 1 ml volume. HRSMC are characterized by immunofluorescent method with antibodies to Α-smooth muscle actin and desmin. HRSMC are negative for HIV-1, HBV, HCV, mycoplasma, bacteria, yeast and fungi. HRSMC are guaranteed to further expand for 15 population doublings in the condition provided by Bioarray Research Laboratories.
Description: Smooth muscle contraction is the fundamental event in gastrointestinal motion. Although many of the biochemical mechanisms underlying the excitation-contraction coupling are not yet defined, it is known that cytosolic Ca2+ is the essential component in the coupling phenomenon. Inflammation of the human intestine causes thickening of the smooth muscle layers which results from the increases in the smooth muscle-specific actins. The increased smooth muscle actins may affect force production and further demonstrate the plasticity of smooth muscle in the inflamed intestine. Studies also show that human intestinal smooth muscle cells respond to IL-1beta and TNF-alpha stimulation by releasing IL-6, which might significantly contribute to the overall systemic inflammatory response. The availability of human intestinal smooth muscle cells in culture will considerably enhance our ability to study the contractile, proliferative and connective tissue responses of the smooth muscle of the human gastrointestinal tract.HISMC from Bioarray Research Laboratories are isolated from human intestine. HISMC are cryopreserved at passage one culture and delivered frozen. Each vial contains >5 x 10^5 cells in 1 ml volume. HISMC are characterized by immunofluorescent method with antibodies to Α-smooth muscle actin and desmin. HISMC are negative for HIV-1, HBV, HCV, mycoplasma, bacteria, yeast and fungi. HISMC are guaranteed to further expand for 15 population doublings in the condition provided by Bioarray Research Laboratories.
Description: Endothelial cells lining the microvasculature are known to play a critical "gatekeeper" role in the inflammatory process through their ability to recruit circulating immune cells into tissues and foci of inflammation. Studies show that intestinal microvascular endothelial cells (IMEC) exhibit a strong immune response to LPS challenge and play a critical regulatory role in gut inflammation. Pharmacological inhibition of NOS in activated HIMEC resulted in a significant increase in leukocytes binding. Gene expression profile study reveals that intestinal endothelial cells express biotinidase, which is involved in biotin recycling. The in vitro culture of HIMEC enabled scientists to perform systematic analyses of the cytokine profiles with regard to mRNA expression and protein secretion, and to compare such data with cytokine profiles concomitantly displayed by other endothelial cells.HIMEC from Bioarray Research Laboratories are isolated from human intestinal tissue. HIMEC are cryopreserved at passage one and delivered frozen. Each vial contains >5 x 10^5 cells in 1 ml volume. HIMEC are characterized by immunofluorescent method with antibodies to vWF/Factor VIII and CD31 (P-CAM) and by uptake of DiI-Ac-LDL. HIMEC are negative for HIV-1, HBV, HCV, mycoplasma, bacteria, yeast and fungi. HIMEC are guaranteed to further culture in the conditions provided by Bioarray Research Laboratories.
Description: Fibroblasts are mesenchymal cells derived from the embryonic mesoderm. They have been extensively used for a wide range of cellular and molecular studies. This is mainly because they are one of easiest types of cells to grow in culture, and their durability makes them amenable to a wide variety of manipulations ranging from studies employing gene transfection to microinjection. There is good evidence that fibroblasts in different parts of the body are intrinsically different. Fibroblasts secrete a non-rigid extracellular matrix that is rich in type I and/or type III collagen. They are responsible for much of the synthesis of extracellular matrix in connective tissues and play major roles in wound healing. Many diseases are associated with fibroblasts, either because fibroblasts are implicated in their etiology or because of the fibrosis that accompanies damage to other cell types in tissues. For example, the development of bowl stenosis in Crohn's disease patients is caused by extreme fibroblast proliferation and extracellular matrix expansion.
HIF are isolated from human intestinal tissue. HIF are cryopreserved at passage one and delivered frozen. Each vial contains >5 x 10^5 cells in 1 ml volume. HIF are characterized by their spindle morphology and immunofluorescent method with antibody to fibronectin. HIF are negative for HIV-1, HBV, HCV, mycoplasma, bacteria, yeast and fungi.
Description: Smooth muscle is responsible for the contractility of hollow organs, such as blood vessels, the gastrointestinal tract, the bladder, and the uterus. Its structure differs greatly from that of skeletal muscle. The human stomach contains three layers of muscle in its walls, the outer longitudinal, the middle circular and the inner oblique and visceral smooth muscle cells makes up all three layers along the entire organ. Smooth muscle contraction is critical to peristalsis in the human stomach and the contraction may be mediated by activation of phospholipase through two distinct mechanisms (increased intracellular Ca2+ and G protein activation) and activating PKCepsilon-dependent mechanisms. In vitro study also shows that gastric smooth muscle cells express ET and eNOS and both calcium and sodium may be involved as current carriers in the generation of the plateau potential.HGSMC from Bioarray Research Laboratories are isolated from the human stomach. HGSMC are cryopreserved at secondary culture and delivered frozen. Each vial contains >5 x 10^5 cells in 1 ml volume. HGSMC are characterized by immunofluorescent method with antibodies to Α-smooth muscle actin and desmin. HGSMC are negative for HIV-1, HBV, HCV, mycoplasma, bacteria, yeast and fungi. HGSMC are guaranteed to further expand for 15 population doublings at the condition provided by Bioarray Research Laboratories.
Description: Primary Human Intestinal Microvascular Endothelial Cells were initiated by elutriation from dissociated normal human small intestine tissue.
These cells were originated using Complete Serum-Free Medium Kit With SuperFuel™, are available at <12 Cumulative Population Doublings (CPD) in vitro [Passage 3] and were cryopreserved in aliquots of ~1.5 X 10^6 cells. This vial will initiate a Passage 4 cell culture in a 75cm2 flask.
