NG108-15

The Effect of Rap on the Viability and Autophagy of NG108-15 Cells

The earlier studies showed that fluoride combined with aluminum (FA) can damage hippocampal neurons in the second-generation offspring (F2) of rats, but the mechanisms are still unknown. In this study, Tao’s team used F2 rat and NG108-15 cell models to explore the possible mechanisms.

The viability of NG108-15 cells treated with 40, 80, 160 µmol/L Rap was lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05), shown in the Fig. 1. However, there was no significant difference in cell viability between the 20 µmol/L Rap group (92.16%) and the control group. The green fluorescent spots indicated the autophagy of NG108-15 cells. As shown in Fig. 2, no green fluorescent spots were observed in the cytoplasm of NG108-15 cells in the control, DMSO, and Rap groups. In contrast, green fluorescent spots were present in the cytoplasm of NG108-15 cells in the F, Al and F + Al groups. Compared to the DMSO group, the F + Rap, Al + Rap, and F + Al + Rap groups showed an increased intensity and volume of green fluorescent spots in the cytoplasm.

Xanthohumol Inhibits Cell Viability in NG108-15 Cells

Xanthohumol (XN), a flavonoid found in hops, has been reported to be an inhibitor of cancer cell growth. In the present study, Hu’s team investigated the effects of XN on NG108-15 cells with regard to cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and cell cycle progression, in order to evaluate the potential use of XN as an anti-neurotumor agent.

To evaluate the anti-glioma activity of XN, NG108-15 cells were treated with Xanthohumol (0–60 µM) for 24 h. High concentrations of XN (20–60 µM) inhibited the proliferation of NG108-15 cells, but low concentrations of XN (0–10 µM) had no effect on the viability of the cells as observed by phase-contrast microscopy (Fig. 3A). The cell viability and cell mortality were measured with CCK-8 and Trypan Blue assays, respectively, following 24 h of XN treatment (Fig. 3B and C). A dose-dependent inhibitory effect on NG108-15 cell proliferation by XN was observed. The calculated IC50 value was approximately 40 µM. The concentration of 40 µM XN was used in the following experiments.